This text is a transcript of a lecture by musi­cologist, pianist, music writer and historian of pianism Leonid E. Gakkel (1936–2024), given on Oc­tober 24, 2011 at Zhiganov Kazan State Con­ser­va­tory. It explores the characteristics and traditions of classical piano music. The author reflects on the perception of works by great composers: J. S. Bach, D. Scarlatti, W. A. Mozart, L. van Beethoven, F. Schubert, and F. Chopin. Issues of performance and interpretations of works from different eras are examined. The unique features of each composer’s creative method are highlighted, and their music is presented through the prism of their epoch, nationality, and personal qualities. Aspects of technical performance, structural features of musical compositions, and their emotional expressiveness are analyzed. Furthermore, the place of classical music in modern society, the prospects for its development, and the significance of the classical heritage for future generations of performers and listeners are discussed.